The Quran, the holy book of Islam, is considered the ultimate source of guidance and a timeless masterpiece of divine revelation. Comprising 114 surahs (chapters), it serves as a beacon of wisdom, spirituality, and moral guidance for billions of Muslims worldwide. Understanding the historical context and origin of each surah is crucial in comprehending the Quran’s depth and significance. In this article, we will explore the number of surahs that were revealed in Makkah, shedding light on the profound spiritual journey of the early Islamic era.

The Distinction Between Makkah and Madinah Surahs

To comprehend the historical context of the surahs, it is essential to distinguish between those revealed in Makkah and those in Madinah. The Quranic revelations occurred over a period of approximately 23 years during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Scholars classify the surahs into two categories based on their place of revelation:

• Makkah Surahs: These refer to the chapters revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) while he resided in Makkah, before the migration to Madinah. The Makkah period spans around 13 years, characterized by the challenges, persecution, and opposition faced by early Muslims.
• Madinah Surahs: These chapters were revealed after the Prophet’s migration to Madinah. The Madinah period covers the remaining 10 years of the Prophet’s life and is characterized by a more stable and established Muslim community.

How Many Surahs Were Revealed in Makkah?

Out of the 114 surahs in the Quran, the consensus among Islamic scholars is that approximately 86 surahs were revealed in Makkah. The total number of surahs is not a matter of debate, as it is explicitly mentioned in the Quran itself. However, determining precisely which surahs were revealed in Makkah or Madinah can sometimes be subject to minor differences in scholarly opinions.

Characteristics of Makkah Surahs

The Makkah surahs are characterized by their profound and poetic language, focusing heavily on the oneness of God (Tawheed), the importance of faith, the Day of Judgment, and the moral and ethical principles that form the foundation of Islamic teachings. These surahs reflect the challenges faced by the early Muslim community and serve as a source of strength and encouragement during times of adversity.

Major Themes in Makkah Surahs

Several key themes are prominent in the surahs revealed in Makkah:

Tawheed MonotheismThe concept of the oneness of God is repeatedly emphasized, reminding believers of the importance of worshipping and submitting to the one true God.Prophethood and Messengership: Makkah surahs often mention the stories of previous prophets and their struggles to spread the message of monotheism among their people

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The Quran, the holy book of Islam, contains 114 surahs that were revealed over a period of approximately 23 years during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Of these surahs, around 86 were revealed in Makkah, a time of immense trial and tribulation for the early Muslim community. The Makkah surahs focus on profound themes such as the oneness of God, the importance of faith, and the concept of the Hereafter. Understanding the origin and context of the surahs deepens our appreciation of the Quran’s timeless message and its significance in the lives of Muslims around the world.